Electrophilic Substitution Reactions in Aldehydes and Ketones

Electrophilic Substitution Reaction

Aromatic aldehydes and ketones undergo electrophilic substitution reactions such as nitration, sulphonation and halogenation. Since the aldehydic group (-CHO) and ketonic group (-COR or -COAr) are electron-withdrawing, they are deactivating and m-directing.

Nitration

Sulphonation

Conversion