Preparation of Haloalkanes
by Halide Exchange Reactions
In halide exchange reactions, the halide of an alkyl halide gets replaced by another halide. Alkyl iodides and alkyl fluorides are generally prepared by halide exchange reaction.
Preparation of Alkyl Iodides
Finkelstein reaction is generally used to prepare alkyl iodides.
Finkelstein Reaction
In Finkelstein reaction, chloroalkanes or bromoalkanes are heated with sodium iodide in acetone or methanol to produce iodoalkanes.
Convert the following :
Preparation of Alkyl Fluorides
Swart's reaction is generally used to prepare fluoroalkanes.
Swart's Reaction
In Swart's reaction, inorganic fluorides (e.g. AgF, Hg2F2, CoF2, CoF3, SbF3 etc) are heated with suitable haloalkanes to produce alkyl fluorides.
Example : In the following reaction, methyl fluoride is prepared by heating methyl bromide with silver(I) fluoride.
CoF3, SbF3 are used when the haloalkane contains more than one halides on the same carbon.
Example : 2,2-Dichloropropane is heated with antimony trifluoride (SbF3) to form 2,2-difluoropropane.
Convert the following :